Knowledge of sulfuric acid

A highly corrosive liquid, dense, oily liquid, H2SO4, colorless to dark brown, depending on its purity and used for the manufacture of a wide variety of chemicals and materials, including fertilizers, paints, detergents, Explosives y Also called oil of vitriol, vitriol.

Meets one. com? Custom Search Home Print Page Email this page Translate page WikiAnswers. com? Recent Issues Advanced Search Home Help with searching questions unanswered. . . Â Â Â Â search in our library. . . Â Â Q & AA Community reference subjects MeterResists Chemistry LinksAggressive commercial abrasions, chemical compatibility of the great, easy to use catalog flowmeter. GPI. Net Sci-Tech Encyclopedia: Sulfuric Acid Home> Library> Science> Sci-Tech EncyclopediaA strong mineral acid with the chemical formula H2SO4. It is a colorless, oily, oil, sometimes called vitriolic acid or vitriolic. The pure acid has a density of 1. 834-25 º C (77A ° F) and freezes at 10. -5 ° C (50. 90 ° F). This is an important industrial product widely used in petroleum refining and manufacture of fertilizers, paints, pigments, dyes and explosives.

Sulfuric acid is produced by two processes of business scale, the contact process and lead the process chamber. In the contact process, sulfur dioxide, SO2, it becomes sulfur trioxide, SO3 by reaction with oxygen in the presence of a catalyst. Sulfuric acid is produced by the reaction of sulfur trioxide with water. The process chamber of lead depends upon the oxidation of sulfur dioxide with nitric acid in the presence of water, the reaction is carried out in the halls of great value.

Sulfuric acid reacts vigorously with water to form several hydrates. The concentrated acid, therefore, acts as an effective agent of drying, the moisture in the air and even the production of additional water from compounds such as sugar and starch. The concentrated acid also acts as a powerful oxidizing agent. Reacts with most metals heat to produce sulfur dioxide. See also sulfur.

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A Drug Information: sulphonated phenols, sulfuric acid Home> Library> Health> Drugs Infobrand names: Debacterol ®

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 Britannica Concise Encyclopedia: sulfuric acid  Home > Library > Miscellaneous > Britannica Concise Encyclopedia

Dense, colorless, oily, corrosive liquid inorganic compound (H2SO4). A very strong acid, hydrogen or hydronium ions (H + or H3O +), hydrogen sulfate (HSO4-), and sulfate (SO42-). It is also an oxidizing agent (see oxidation-reduction) and dehydrating agent characters and many organic materials. One of the chemicals most important industrial use in different concentrations in manufacturing fertilizers, pigments, dyes, medicines, explosives, detergents and salts and acids, petroleum refining and metallurgical processes , and lead-acid storage batteries acid. It is made industrially by dissolving sulfur trioxide (SO3) in water, sometimes beyond the saturation point to make oleum (fuming sulfuric acid), used to make certain organic chemicals. For more information on sulfuric acid, visit Britannica. com.

Columbia Encyclopedia: Sulfuric Acid Home> Library> Miscellaneous> Columbia Encyclopediachemical compound, H2SO4, colorless, odorless, extremely corrosive, oily liquid. It is sometimes called oil of vitriol. Concentrated sulfuric acid

When heated, the acid 100% pure gas loses sulfur trioxide, SO3, until a permanent solution to boiling point, or azeotrope, containing about 98. 5% H2SO4 is formed in the 337th ° C. Concentrated sulfuric acid is a weak acid (see acids and bases) and an electrolyte poor because very little dissociates into ions at room temperature. When cold it does not react readily with metals such as iron or copper. When hot, is an oxidizing agent, the sulfur content is reduced by sulfur dioxide gas can be released. Hot concentrated sulfuric acid reacts with most metals and nonmetals with multiple, e. g. , Sulfur and carbon. Because the concentrated acid has a high boiling point, it can be used to release more volatile acids from their salts, e. g. , When the sodium chloride (NaCl) or common salt, is heated with concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride gas, HCl, is clear.

Concentrated sulfuric acid has a strong affinity for water. It is sometimes used as a drying agent and can be used to dehydrate (chemically remove water from) many compounds, e. g. , Carbohydrates. Reacts with sucrose, C12H22O11, removing eleven molecules of water, H2O, each molecule of sucrose and leaving a brittle spongy black mass of carbon and diluted sulfuric acid. The acid reacts with the same skin, pulp and other plants and animals.

When the concentrated acid mixed with water, large amounts of heat are released, enough heat can be released immediately to boil the water and splashing the acid. To dilute the acid, the acid must be added slowly to cold water, stirring constantly to limit the accumulation of heat. The sulfuric acid reacts with water to form hydrates with distinct properties.

Dilute sulfuric acid

Sulphuric acid solution is a strong acid and a good electrolyte, it is highly ionized, much of the heat released in dilution of the hydration of ions of hydrogen. The diluted acid is the most common properties of acids. Sunflowers, blue turns red. Reacts with many metals (eg, with zinc), releasing hydrogen gas, H2, and form the metal sulfate. It reacts with most hydroxides and oxides, with some carbonates and sulfides, and some salts. Since it is dibasic (ie has two replaceable hydrogen atoms in each molecule), the two normal forms sulfates (with both hydrogens replaced, eg sodium sulphate, Na2SO4) and sulphate acid, also called bisulphates or hydrogen sulfates (with a hydrogen replaced, for example sodium bisulfate, NaHSO4).

Sulphuric acid production

There are two major processes (lead chamber and contact) for production of sulfuric acid, and is available commercially in a number of types and concentrations. The process chamber of lead, the larger of the two processes is used to produce most of the acid used in the manufacture of fertilizer, which produces a relatively dilute acid (62% â?? 78% H2SO4). The contact process produces a purer, more concentrated acid but requires purer raw materials and the use of expensive catalysts. In both processes sulfur dioxide is oxidized and dissolved in water. Sulphur dioxide is produced by burning sulfur, by burning pyrites (iron sulfides), the sulfide ores of nonferrous preparatory to roost merger, or by burning hydrogen sulfide gas. Some sulfuric acid is also made from ferrous sulfate solutions of iron and steel pickling and acid sludge from oil refineries.

Lean Chamber Process

In the process chamber of lead, sulfur hot gas between the bottom of a reactor called Glover tower where it is washed with nitrous vitriol (sulfuric acid with nitric oxide, NO and nitrogen dioxide, NO2, dissolved) and is mixed with nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide gases, part of the sulfur dioxide is oxidized to sulfur trioxide and dissolved in acid wash to form tower acid or the acid Glover (about 78% H2SO4). From the Glover tower a mixture of gases (including sulfur dioxide and trioxide, nitrogen oxides, nitrogen, oxygen and steam) is transferred to a chamber lined with lead, where he reacts with more water. The camera can be a large room in the form of cash or an enclosure in the form of a truncated cone. Sulfuric acid is formed by a complex series of reactions, it condenses on the walls and collects on the floor of the room. There may be three to twelve chambers in series, the gases pass through each in succession. The acid produced in the rooms, often called chamber acid or acid fertilizer contains 62% to 68% H2SO4. After the gas passed through the cameras that are passed to a reactor called the Gay-Lussac tower where they are washed with cooled concentrated acid (from the Glover tower), oxides of nitrogen dioxide and sulfur to dissolve the unreacted acid to form nitrous oxide vitriol used in the Glover tower. Greenhouse gas remaining waste is usually discharged into the atmosphere.

Contact process

In the contact process, purified sulfur dioxide and air are mixed, heated to about 450 ° C a, and passed over a catalyst, the sulfur dioxide is oxidized to sulfur trioxide. The platinum catalyst is generally silica or asbestos carrier or vanadium pentoxide on a silica support. The sulfur trioxide is cooled and passed through two rounds. In the first round, it is washed with oleum (fuming sulfuric acid, 100% sulfuric acid with sulfur trioxide dissolved in it). In the second round was washed with 97% sulfuric acid, 98% sulfuric acid is usually produced in this tower. waste gases are usually discharged into the atmosphere. Acid of any desired concentration can be obtained by mixing or dilution of products of this process.

The uses of sulfuric acid

Sulfuric acid is a chemical largest industrial. More of what happens every year to make any chemical made more than 40 million tonnes of it were produced in the United States in 1990. It has various uses and plays a role in the production of almost all manufactured goods. The main use of sulfuric acid

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